The Portuguese State and the Roman Catholic Church
The Portuguese State and the Roman Catholic Church
The relations between the State and the Roman Catholic Church in Portugal (henceforward Catholic Church) in the XXth century are an important aspect of the Portuguese society and of the affirmation of the Portuguese Republic.
We see how important those relations are when we consider the implementation of the Law of Separation of the State and the Churches, whose first centennial will occur shortly after the end of the present research (1911-2011).
Apparently, the Pope in the XXth century has also considered the Lisbon cardinal as the most important mediator between the Holy See and the Lisbon Government. Another fact might help to explain the strong role of the Lisbon cardinal: he was the only Portuguese cardinal in Portuguese European territory; in the XXth century there were Portuguese cardinals in Mozambique and Goa (India) but they were exceptions and were influential only in their territories. In Spain or France, there was as a rule more than one cardinal. This plurality weakened the role of the «court cardinal».
The «Cardeal Patriarca» had also a key role in Portuguese attitudes towards world events like the First World War, the Second World War, the «Holocaust» question, modern colonialism, decolonisation, democratization and European integration.
The relations between the State and the Roman Catholic Church in Portugal (henceforward Catholic Church) in the XXth century are an important aspect of the Portuguese society and of the affirmation of the Portuguese Republic.
We see how important those relations are when we consider the implementation of the Law of Separation of the State and the Churches, whose first centennial will occur shortly after the end of the present research (1911-2011).
Apparently, the Pope in the XXth century has also considered the Lisbon cardinal as the most important mediator between the Holy See and the Lisbon Government. Another fact might help to explain the strong role of the Lisbon cardinal: he was the only Portuguese cardinal in Portuguese European territory; in the XXth century there were Portuguese cardinals in Mozambique and Goa (India) but they were exceptions and were influential only in their territories. In Spain or France, there was as a rule more than one cardinal. This plurality weakened the role of the «court cardinal».
The «Cardeal Patriarca» had also a key role in Portuguese attitudes towards world events like the First World War, the Second World War, the «Holocaust» question, modern colonialism, decolonisation, democratization and European integration.