The major aims are (1) to provide an important set of baseline measures to assessing the extent to which "European" citizenship has developed since the beginning of the 21st century. (2) To raise standards that will be a reference for new and coming research. The project as it is envisioned will significantly contribute to both, the empirical testing of existing theories of integration and citizenship in its threefold dimensions, identity, representation and governance, and the development and improvement of those theories.