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2016

102

H. Weber, ‘Political design and system of interest intermediation: Germany between the

1930s and the 1950s’, in W. Rant, J. Nekkers and F. Van Waarden, eds,

Organising Business

for War: Corporatist Economic Oganization during the Second World War

, Oxford, Berg,

1991, p. 119.

103

See M. Broszat,

The Hitler State: The Foundation and Development of the Internal

Structure of the Third Reich

, London, Longman, 1981, pp. 133–192.

104

R. Höhn, ‘Die Wandlung im staatsrechtlichen Denken’, 1934, p. 35, Cited by Klaus

Neumann , this book.

105

See M. Broszat,

The Hitler State

.

106

P. Pasteur, ‘“Austrofascisme” ou regime autoritaire corporatiste chrétien?’, in C. Horel, T.

Sandu and F. Taubert, eds,

La Périphérie du Fascisme: Le Cas de L’Europe Central entre les

Deux Guerres

, Paris, L’Harmattan, 2006, pp. 111–22;

Les États Autoritaires en Europe, 1919-

45

, Paris, Armand Colin, 2007, p. 120.

107

K. von Klemperer,

Ignaz Seipel: Christian Statesman in a Time of Crises

, Princeton, NJ,

Princeton University Press, 1971, p. 247.

108

Pasteur,

Les États Autoritaires

, p. 160.

109

A. Diamant,

Austrian Catholics and the First Republic: Democracy and the Social Order,

1918–34

, Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 1960, p. 269.

110

H. Wohnout, ‘A chancellorial dictatorship with a “corporative” pretext: The Austrian

constitution between 1934 and 1938’, in G. Bishof, A. Pelinka and A. Lassner, eds,

The

Dollfuss/Schuschnigg Era in Austria: A Reassessment

, New Brunswick, NJ, Transaction, 2003,

p. 151.

111

Ibid, p. 156.

112

For the use of concept in relation to early 21st-century politics, see L. Morlino, ‘Are there

hybrid regimes? Or they are an optical illusion?’,

European Political Science Review

, Vol. 1,

2, 2009, pp. 273–296.

113

Linz, ‘Organic-statist-authoritarian’, p. 92.

114

A. Janos,

East Central Europe in the Modern World

, Stanford, CA, Stanford University

Press, 2000.

115

Cit. in A. Janos,

The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary, 1825-1945

, Princeton, NJ,

Princeton University Press, 1982, p. 210.

116

W. M. Batkay,

Authoritarian Politics in a Transitional State: Istvan Bethlen and the Unified

Party in Hungary, 1919–26

, New York, NY, EEM-Columbia University Press, 1982.

117

I. T. Berend,

Decades of Crises: Central and Eastern Europe before World War Two

,

Berkeley, CA, California University Press, 1998; J. Vonyó, ‘Tentative de l’organization totale

de la société hongroise sous le gouvernement de Gyula Gömbös’, in Horel, Sandu and Taubert,

La Périphére du Fascisme

, p. 59; M. Ormos,

Hungary Between the Wars

, New York, EEM-

Columbia University Press, 2008, pp. 254–58.

118

M. Ormos, ‘The Horthy era and the fascist epilogue: 1921–1945’, in M. Ormos and B. K.

Király, eds,

Hungary: Government and Politics, 1845–2000

, New York, NY, EEM-Columbia

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